Нусрат Фатех Али Хан

Нусрат Фатех Али Хан
Нусрат Фатех Али Хан
Основная информация
Полное имя	Нусрат Фатех Али Хан
Дата рождения	13 октября 1948(1948-10-13)
Место рождения	Фейсалабад, Пакистан
Дата смерти	16 августа 1997(1997-08-16) (48 лет)
Место смерти	Лондон, Великобритания
Страна	Пакистан
Профессии	певец
Годы активности	1965—1997
Инструменты	фисгармония[d]
Жанры	каввали и газель
Лейблы	Real World Records[d], EMI[d], Virgin[d], Oriental Star Agencies[d] и Rehmat Gramophone House[d]
Награды	Премия Нигар[d] Азиатская премия культуры Фукуока (1996) Lux Style Awards[d]
	Медиафайлы на Викискладе

Нусра́т Фате́х Али́ Ха́н (13 октября 1948, Фейсалабад, Пакистан — 16 августа 1997, Лондон, Великобритания) — пакистанский певец, в основном исполнявший музыку в суфийском стиле каввали.^[1] Он чрезвычайно популярен среди почитателей этого стиля; согласно Книге рекордов Гиннесса, к 2001 году было выпущено 125 альбомов с его музыкой, что является рекордом для записей в стиле каввали. Получил прозвище «Шахиншах каввали», что означает «Царь царей каввали».^[2]

БиографияПравить

Нусрат родился 13 октября 1948 года в пакистанском городе Лайяллпур (Фейсалабад), куда его родители переехали из Индии за год до рождения сына. Семья Хан на протяжении 600 лет занималась музыкой.^[3] В детстве мальчик не отличался особыми вокальными дарованиями^[4], поэтому его отец — известный исполнитель каввали Устад Фатех Али Хан, хотел, чтобы он стал врачом или инженером.^[5] Но в 17 лет юноша увидел сон, в котором его уже умерший к этому времени отец завещал Нусрату продолжить семейное дело и стать певцом. И Нусрат стал учиться искусству каввали у своих дядей — Устада Мубарака Али Хана, Устада Саламата Али Хана и Устада Навазиша Али Хана.^[6]^[7] В 1964 году он стал участником ансамбля своего отца, а в 1971 году, после болезни Устада Мубарака Али Хана 23-летний Нусрат возглавил ансамбль.^[4]^[8]^[9]

Опираясь на оставшиеся от отца и дядей записи выступлений, Нусрат разработал свой собственный стиль исполнения каввали, подняв его эстетическое и духовное значение на новый уровень, и стал знаменитым исполнителем в Пакистане и за его пределами.^[10]В качестве основных инструментов использовались табла и фисгармония.^[11] Его брат Фаррух Фатех Али Хан в течение 25 лет играл в ансамбле на фисгармонии.^[12]

В 1985 году Нусрат выступил с концертом в Великобритании. А затем совершил турне по всей Европе.^[13]

В 1989 году он впервые прибыл с гастролями в США. Здесь же принял участие в записи музыки для кинофильмов. ^[14] В это время особая известность пришла к нему благодаря работе с Питером Гэбриелом над звуковой дорожкой к фильму «Последнее искушение Христа» (1988) и участию в записи альбомов канадского музыканта Майкла Брука.^[15] За этим последовал ряд альбомов, сотрудничество с другими западными музыкантами, музыкальные турне по различным (более 40) странам.^[16]

Он умер в 1997 году в Cromwell Hospital — версия статьи «Кромвельский госпиталь» на английском языке Кромвельском госпитале (англ.) (рус. Лондона из-за остановки сердца.^[17]

НаградыПравить

Азиатская премия культуры Фукуока (1996)
Pride of Performance (англ.) (рус.
Nigar Awards (англ.) (рус.

ОтзывыПравить

Этномузыковед Вирджиния Горлински отмечала, что «Нусрат верил во всеохватность музыкального послания, и стремился посредством своего музыкального исполнения преодолеть религиозные и культурные границы».^[18]

Нусрат оказал большое влияние на американского певца и музыканта Джеффа Бакли, называвшего его «своим Элвисом»^[19].

Дискография (избранная)Править

1990: Mustt Mustt (англ.) (рус.
1991: The Day, the Night, the Dawn, the Dusk (англ.) (рус.
1992: Devotional Songs (англ.) (рус.
1996: Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Vol.115: Chishti Gulshan. (c) Oriental Star Agencies Ltd.
1996: Night Song (англ.) (рус.
1997: Star Rise (англ.) (рус.
2000: Back to Qawwali. (c) Long Distance.
2010: Traditional sufi qawwalis — Live In London, Vol. II. (c) Navras Records Ltd.
2011: Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan Album — 17. (c) Rockville.
2012: Missives From Allah. BCD/3RDP.
2012: 50 Greatest Hits Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan. (c) Times Music.

ПримечанияПравить

↑ Gorlinski, Pakistani singer who is considered one of the greatest performers of qawwali, a Sufi Muslim devotional music characterized by simple melodies, forceful rhythms, and energetic improvisations that encourage a state of euphoria in the listener..
↑ Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, the shahenshah of qawwali, is dead. His legend, however, will live on..
↑ Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan performing in New Delhi earlier this year. He came from a family of qawwals who have made music for 600 years..
↑ ¹ ² Gorlinski, Although Nusrat began to display a penchant for music and a particular aptitude for singing before he had reached age 10, he did not begin to devote himself to the qawwali tradition until he sang at his father’s funeral in 1964. Two years later he gave his first public performance as a qawwal, singing with his uncles, with whom he continued to perform until 1971, when Ustad Mubarik died..
↑ Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Father Ustad Fateh Ali Khan, a famous qawwal, wanted his son to become a doctor or an engineer..
↑ Gorlinski, Nusrat’s father, Ustad Fateh Ali Khan, and two of his uncles, Ustad Mubarik Ali Khan and Ustad Salamat Ali Khan, were famous qawwals (practitioners of qawwali) who sang in the classical form..
↑ Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, After his father's death in 1964, Nusrat learnt the art of qawwali from his uncles - Ustad Mubarak Ali Khan, Ustad Salamat Ali Khan and Ustad Nawazish Ali Khan..
↑ Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Nusrat joined his father's qawwali party in 1964. In 1971 he became the leader of the party after his uncle, Mubarak Ali Khan, took ill..
↑ Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan Архивная копия от 27 марта 2013 на Wayback Machine // Горохов А. Н. Музпросвет. — Спутник, 2003. ISBN 5-93321-059-5.
↑ Gorlinski, Following his father’s death, Nusrat continued to study the recordings of his father and uncles, using them as a springboard from which to develop his own . Within just a few years he had established himself throughout Pakistan as the outstanding qawwal of his generation, singing powerfully and expressively in a very high register (a family trademark), with remarkable stamina and melodic creativity.<...>As he matured as a performer, Nusrat made various adjustments to his style, such as increasing the tempo, as a means to elevate qawwali to a new level of aesthetic and spiritual resonance with contemporary—and international—audiences..
↑ Gorlinski, In concert he was usually accompanied by tabla (a pair of single-headed drums played with the hands), harmoniums (or reed organs; small keyboard instruments with a foot-operated bellows), and backing vocals..
↑ Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, His brother, Farrukh Fateh Ali Khan, who accompanied him for the last 25 years, played the harmonium..
↑ Gorlinski, In 1985 he gave a concert in the United Kingdom, and word of his talent began to spread. He was soon performing regularly throughout Europe..
↑ Gorlinski, He first toured the United States in 1989, and in the 1990s he contributed to the sound tracks of several popular films..
↑ Gorlinski, Popular musician Peter Gabriel promoted Nusrat on the world music circuit through his WOMAD (World of Music, Arts and Dance) festivals and through recordings on his Real World Records label. Meanwhile, composer Michael Brook helped increase the accessibility of Nusrat’s vocalizations by recasting them within Western rhythmic frameworks..
↑ Gorlinski, Nusrat also worked with a number of internationally recognized figures in popular and art music..
↑ Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, The qawwali shahenshah's (emperor) death on August 16 in a London hospital following a cardiac arrest triggered by kidney and liver failure was an occasion of grief for millions..
↑ Gorlinski, Nusrat believed in the universality of the musical message and strove throughout his career to make his music transcend religious and cultural boundaries..
↑ Here’s How Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan’s Music Saved ‘Hallelujah’ Singer Jeff Buckley’s Life (неопр.). Дата обращения: 9 февраля 2019. Архивировано 9 февраля 2019 года.

ЛитератураПравить

Песни суфийских мистиков Архивная копия от 27 марта 2013 на Wayback Machine. Интервью с Нусрат Фатех Али Ханом, взятое Джамилей Сиддики.// Журнал Суфий, № 37, весна 1998, с. 16-19.
Baruah A., Padmanabhan R. The stilled voice // Frontline. — 6-19 September 1997. — № 14, 18. Архивировано 20 августа 2013 года.
Baud, Pierre-Alain (2008). Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan: The Messenger of Qawwali. Editions Demi-Lune.
Baud, Pierre Alain (2015). Nusrat: The Voice of Faith. HarperCollins India.
Gorlinski V. Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan // Encyclopædia Britannica.
Ahmed Aqil Rubi (1992). Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan: A living legend . Words of Wisdom
Varun Soni (2014). Natural Mystics: The Prophetic Lives of Bob Marley and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan. Figueroa Press.

СсылкиПравить

Биография Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan Архивная копия от 1 мая 2012 на Wayback Machine

[_a8e1e18777e29a48-1] Gorlinski, Pakistani singer who is considered one of the greatest performers of qawwali, a Sufi Muslim devotional music characterized by simple melodies, forceful rhythms, and energetic improvisations that encourage a state of euphoria in the listener..

[_7dbb6aa08b636a75-2] Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, the shahenshah of qawwali, is dead. His legend, however, will live on..

[_7254611a23e599bb-3] Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan performing in New Delhi earlier this year. He came from a family of qawwals who have made music for 600 years..

[_a4fea1b86dd4d252-4] ¹ ² Gorlinski, Although Nusrat began to display a penchant for music and a particular aptitude for singing before he had reached age 10, he did not begin to devote himself to the qawwali tradition until he sang at his father’s funeral in 1964. Two years later he gave his first public performance as a qawwal, singing with his uncles, with whom he continued to perform until 1971, when Ustad Mubarik died..

[_9c745b0581e6765d-5] Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Father Ustad Fateh Ali Khan, a famous qawwal, wanted his son to become a doctor or an engineer..

[_845c96fe1ecae1fd-6] Gorlinski, Nusrat’s father, Ustad Fateh Ali Khan, and two of his uncles, Ustad Mubarik Ali Khan and Ustad Salamat Ali Khan, were famous qawwals (practitioners of qawwali) who sang in the classical form..

[_00cdee05c1289710-7] Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, After his father's death in 1964, Nusrat learnt the art of qawwali from his uncles - Ustad Mubarak Ali Khan, Ustad Salamat Ali Khan and Ustad Nawazish Ali Khan..

[_e8aa26628976ca11-8] Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Nusrat joined his father's qawwali party in 1964. In 1971 he became the leader of the party after his uncle, Mubarak Ali Khan, took ill..

[9] Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan Архивная копия от 27 марта 2013 на Wayback Machine // Горохов А. Н. Музпросвет. — Спутник, 2003. ISBN 5-93321-059-5.

[_2129a5523f15dda7-10] Gorlinski, Following his father’s death, Nusrat continued to study the recordings of his father and uncles, using them as a springboard from which to develop his own . Within just a few years he had established himself throughout Pakistan as the outstanding qawwal of his generation, singing powerfully and expressively in a very high register (a family trademark), with remarkable stamina and melodic creativity.<...>As he matured as a performer, Nusrat made various adjustments to his style, such as increasing the tempo, as a means to elevate qawwali to a new level of aesthetic and spiritual resonance with contemporary—and international—audiences..

[_a37a0006d0ec752e-11] Gorlinski, In concert he was usually accompanied by tabla (a pair of single-headed drums played with the hands), harmoniums (or reed organs; small keyboard instruments with a foot-operated bellows), and backing vocals..

[_04f56b3c099159af-12] Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, His brother, Farrukh Fateh Ali Khan, who accompanied him for the last 25 years, played the harmonium..

[_ac91e4eae10da267-13] Gorlinski, In 1985 he gave a concert in the United Kingdom, and word of his talent began to spread. He was soon performing regularly throughout Europe..

[_c0c1a441cc3b61f4-14] Gorlinski, He first toured the United States in 1989, and in the 1990s he contributed to the sound tracks of several popular films..

[_57f41b651ce9ba50-15] Gorlinski, Popular musician Peter Gabriel promoted Nusrat on the world music circuit through his WOMAD (World of Music, Arts and Dance) festivals and through recordings on his Real World Records label. Meanwhile, composer Michael Brook helped increase the accessibility of Nusrat’s vocalizations by recasting them within Western rhythmic frameworks..

[_e2de52df89b45165-16] Gorlinski, Nusrat also worked with a number of internationally recognized figures in popular and art music..

[_669e9f72a7b255a5-17] Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, The qawwali shahenshah's (emperor) death on August 16 in a London hospital following a cardiac arrest triggered by kidney and liver failure was an occasion of grief for millions..

[_a7eecbf5f225b7b5-18] Gorlinski, Nusrat believed in the universality of the musical message and strove throughout his career to make his music transcend religious and cultural boundaries..

[19] Here’s How Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan’s Music Saved ‘Hallelujah’ Singer Jeff Buckley’s Life (неопр.). Дата обращения: 9 февраля 2019. Архивировано 9 февраля 2019 года.

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